[IPv6] IPv6 Addressing

IPv6 주소 체계

IPv6 Adress는 다음과 같은 세가지 타입이 있다.

  Unicast

A unicast address identifies a single interface within the scope of the type of address. The scope of an address is the region of the IPv6 network over which the address is unique. With the appropriate unicast routing topology, packets addressed to a unicast address are delivered to a single interface. To accommodate load-balancing systems, RFC 4291 allows for multiple interfaces to use the same address as long as they appear as a single interface to the IPv6 implementation on the host.

  Multicast

A multicast address identifies zero or more interfaces on the same or different hosts. With the appropriate multicast routing topology, packets addressed to a multicast address are delivered to all interfaces identified by the address.

  Anycast

An anycast address identifies multiple interfaces. With the appropriate unicast routing topology, packets addressed to an anycast address are delivered to a single interface—the nearest interface that is identified by the address. The nearest interface is defined as being the closest in terms of routing distance. A multicast address is used for one-to-many communication, with delivery to multiple interfaces. An anycast address is used for one-to-one-of-many communication, with delivery to a single interface.

Unicast Address의 종류와 구조는 다음과 같다.

   Global Unicast Address

Link Local Address

   Site Local Address

Multicast Address의 종류와 구조는 다음과 같다.

   Solicited-Node Address

Anicast Address의 종류와 구조는 다음과 같다.

   Subnet-Router Anycast Address

IPv4 주소와 IPv6 주소의 비교